The Migration–Security Nexus in EU CSDP Missions in Africa On the Integration of Migration Governance into the EU’s External Security Engagements

Abstract

This article explores the link between securitization of migration and the European Union’s Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) missions in Africa. It demonstrates how migration governance has become embedded in the EU’s external security engagements, particularly through missions in Niger, Mali, Libya, Somalia, and the Central African Republic. By tracing how CSDP missions increasingly align with the EU’s objective to curb irregular migration, the article reveals both overt and concealed links between security operations and migration control. In some cases—such as Niger and Libya—the connection is explicit, while in others—such as Mali and Somalia—it is more implicit. Drawing on official documents and mission mandates, the article shows that the EU’s approach to external security is shaped by a migration agenda that reflects broader processes of externalization and securitization. CSDP missions thus serve as a key instrument in the EU’s efforts to govern migration beyond its borders.